Medications For ADHD
Stimulants are the most common medications for ADHD. They can be used quickly to improve focus and reduce impulsivity as well as hyperactivity. But they can have side effects such as headaches, stomach upsets, and changes in blood pressure and heart rate.
Amphétamines and methylphenidates are the two major groups of stimulants. They are available in liquid and chewable forms and are sold as short-acting, intermediate- or long-acting drugs.
Stimulants
The most common medication for ADHD is stimulants. They boost brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine which enhance focus and attention. They are available in immediate-release (short-acting) and extended-release versions. The most common stimulants are methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamines and dextroamphetamine (Adderall). They can have serious adverse effects and have a significant risk of misuse. These drugs should only be taken with a physician's approval. A natural supplement called L-tyrosine can also increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels, however, it should not be taken without a physician's supervision.
The most effective treatments combine treatment, medication, behavioral changes and skill training. This is sometimes referred to multimodal treatment. The drugs can help alleviate symptoms for most children and adults but they do not cure the disease. To achieve the best results, they must be taken regularly. In many cases the dosages will have to be adjusted to find the most minimal dose that effectively treats symptoms and has the least amount of adverse effects.
Some people experience relief from their symptoms if they take a stimulant in morning, and then take an extended-release medication late afternoon or in the evening. This can help avoid the risk of a "crash" that can result in short-term fatigue and a negative attitude.
In the last few decades, amphetamines were extensively utilized by athletes, truck drivers and students for non-medical purposes, primarily to keep them awake and improve their performance. These drugs can reach the brain quickly and provide a feeling of euphoria and energy, as well as alertness. They can be snorted or injected, or consumed. Certain of these substances can also cause addiction.
The FDA has approved atomoxetine, also known as Vyvanse (Vyvanse) and guanfacine, also known as Fastin (Guanfacine) to treat adult ADHD. These are in a class of medications known as alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists, which were originally developed to lower blood pressure. They are extremely beneficial for treating ADHD due to their calm effect and can help reduce aggression, hyperactivity and inability to concentrate. They are not likely to cause serious side effects but may increase heart rate and blood pressure and could interact with some prescription or over-the counter medicines.
Clonidine (Kanerol) and antidepressants are also used to treat ADHD. These medications can help control ADHD symptoms for some people. They are usually prescribed when stimulants don't provide enough relief or cause unpleasant adverse effects. here , such as imipramine or Nortriptyline can be effective in certain situations but they also have adverse effects that are difficult to manage.
Treatment Options for ADHD
Many people suffering from ADHD do not require medication, however, they can benefit from adopting healthy lifestyle habits and strategies for coping. Some adults with mild or moderate symptoms are able to manage their symptoms with exercising and diet, while others may need the support of a therapist. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of therapy that teaches skills to change the ways people think and behave. Other self-help treatments such as dietary modifications and supplements may be beneficial but should not be attempted without medical advice.